The article is devoted to present the problem of optimal design, construction and operation of water supply systems and their elements. A key element of the downhole water intake is water intake well. The quality of its design and construction determines the operation of the water intake as a whole. Disadvantages in the design of the well lead to disruption of the entire water supply system of a particular facility. The choice of a filter suitable for specific geological conditions of the well and ensuring a long operating time is a very complex technical task. When calculating the filters, it is necessary to determine their length, diameter, duty cycle and the size of the through holes. These filter parameters are determined so that the input speed does not exceed the permissible speed for the filter, i.e. V_ф ≤ V_доп.. The article suggests a method for selecting the optimal diameter and length of a downhole filter of a water intake well. Based on the methodology, an example is given of the selection of filter parameters for hydro-geological conditions in the city of Kursk. The calculation showed that application of the input speed criterion for well design allows to significantly reduce the cost of wells while ensuring the design production rate and permissible level reduction.

Energy efficiency is an actual problem of the present, including in the field of robotics. Existing methods for planning the trajectory of motion of manipulators with excessive mobility face a number of problems, one of which is the impossibility of working in real time mode due to the high complexity of the scheduling algorithm. Moreover, the existing algorithms that work in real time are significantly inferior to the accuracy of the target operations. Therefore, earlier, in the author's articles, an iterative method of piecewise linear generation of the manipulator's trajectory was developed. In this paper, we analyze the computational complexity of the numerical method of iterative piecewise linear generation of the trajectory of a three-link anthropomorphic manipulator with 7 degrees of mobility in a volume space with an obstacle, an approximated hypersphere, in real time. A short description of the proposed method of planning the trajectory of motion is given. To move between the waypoints, the Denavite-Hartenberg representation used, with the formulation and solution of the problem of nonlinear optimization with the objective function of minimizing energy consumption when the manipulator moved to the target point. The initial generalized algorithm of the path planning method described. The number of operations that must performed in the process of execution of a recursive algorithm is considered. Parallelizing the branching recursive algorithm allows you to reduce the execution time to the time of executing a non-branching recursive algorithm with the same computational complexity and depth. A formula developed that allows you to select the values of variable parameters of the algorithm based on the available computational power and the allowable calculation time, and to determine the requirements for the manipulator computer system at the development stage.

The development of modern engineering requires improving the quality, reliability and durability of parts, components and mechanisms. One of the effective ways to solve these problems is the use of various functional coatings, including the method of electrospark alloying (EIL). The main electrode materials are mainly sintered hard alloys, the cost of which, due to the presence of expensive tungsten, is relatively high. One of the promising methods for producing powder from almost any conductive material, including solid alloy and high-speed steel waste, is the method of electroerosion dispersion (EED), characterized by relatively low energy costs and environmental cleanliness of the process. The purpose of this work was to conduct x-ray Microspectral microanalysis of the electrospark coating obtained by electrospark alloying on the UR-121 installation with the use of electrodes from a mixture of electroerosion powders of the VK8 (90%)+P6M5 (10%) brand obtained by electroerosion dispersion of solid alloy and high-speed steel waste in kerosene lighting. The electrode was obtained by mixing the powders in the ratio VK-8 (90%) + R6M5(10%), Electrospark coatings formed by the electrode on a sample of steel 30HGSA received at the installation UR-121 (production of the company PELM, Podolsk). In order to identify the distribution of elements on the surface of the electrospark coatings, with the help of energy-dispersion analyzer of x-ray radiation of the company EDAX, built into the raster electron microscope "QUANTA 200 3D", the spectra of the characteristic x-ray radiation at various points on the surface of the sample were obtained. On the basis of experimental studies aimed at conducting x-ray Microspectral microanalysis of the electrospark coating obtained by electrospark alloying on the installation UR-121 with the use of electrodes from a mixture of electroerosion powders of the brand VK8 (90%)+P6M5 (10%) obtained by electroerosion dispersion of solid alloy waste and high-speed steel in kerosene lighting, the content of the main elements in it is determined.

The process of the housing stock aging is constant and continuous. Untimely repair of housing significantly increases the risk of accidents. The purpose of the management companies is to carry out a complex of repair works of apartment buildings according to the current quality requirements for the entire period of operation. The real estate, enterprises, organizations owners engaged in the operation and maintenance of housing, are extremely interested to increase the duration of the effective operation period for buildings and structures basing on the system of maintenance and repair of buildings. This system is equally important for each period of the life cycle of the property. In the field of housing and communal services, despite the ongoing reforms, the problem of timely financing of repair works aimed at ensuring comfortable and safe living conditions in accordance with the existing quality standards is acute. In this regard, the development of an effective system of housing maintenance is a priority. The current state and the main prospects of development of maintenance and maintenance of the housing stock during the planning and repair work in apartment buildings are considered. The proposed multilevel structure of the maintenance system and the methodology of evaluation of technical condition of residential properties taking into account the individual characteristics of the object. The method of planning of repair and construction works taking into account organizational and technological reliability is developed. The technique presented in the article allows to improve the quality of management decisions, which in turn ensure compliance with comfortable and safe living conditions and efficient use of financial resources.

In the modern systems of transfer and storage of information for correction of the arising mistakes noiseproof codes of Read-Solomon widely are used. With use of soft decisions apply decoding of these codes on the generalized minimum distance which advantage is simplicity of realization to correction of mistakes. In work the algorithm of decoding of codes of Read-Solomon on the generalized minimum distance which feature is use of the algebraic decoder correcting errors abroad a half of the minimum code distance with use of soft decisions is offered. The algebraic decoder realizes syndromic decoding and is based on application of analytical continuation of an algorithm of Berlekempa-Messi for 2τ iterations (τ-number of in addition corrected wrong symbols). He provides search of positions of tC+τ of wrong symbols in a code word (tC - number of the wrong symbols which are guaranteed corrected by a code) which locators would be the return to roots of a possible polynom of locators of errors of degree tC + τ. Search of positions of mistakes is carried out in ascending order of nadezhnost of symbols of the accepted code word. The efficiency of correction of mistakes was investigated by the offered algorithm in the channel with additive white Gaussian noise by imitating modeling on the COMPUTER. Researches were conducted for Read-Solomon's codes defined over the field of GF(28). The additional code prize provided with an algorithm at correction on iteration of three additional mistakes in relation to Read-Solomon (255,239,17) code reaches 0,26 dB. The additional code prize for Read-Solomon (255,127,129) code at correction on iteration of two additional mistakes has made about 0,1 dB. The additional code prize for Read-Solomon (255,41,215) code at correction on iteration of three additional mistakes has made about 0,17 dB.

Anthropomorphic walking robots are among the most promising robot types, due to the possibility to introduce them into the urbane environment through the use of the existing infrastructure. Control systems developed for such robots require access to the exact mathematical models of these robots, taking into account the properties of actuators, gears and sensors. In this paper, we consider approaches to describing the model of a bipedal walking robot with elastic drives. The robot is a three-link mechanism that moves in the sagittal plane and performs verticalization (sit-to-stand transfer). Two variants of describing the dynamics of the robot are shown. In the first variant, the number of equations describing the movement of the robot is doubled due to the introduction of elastic drives, in comparison with the case when there are no elastic elements present. In the second variant, there is robot model and the elastic element dynamics model, and bothare described separately. The advantages of this method include the fact that it allows us to preserve the structure and properties of the equations of motion of the mechanism used in constructing control methods in cases when the elastic properties of the gears are not taken into account, and it also allows to conserve the structure of the generalized inertia matrix. The simulation results are presented in two described previously variants, their comparison is made. It is established that both mathematical models behave almost identically, with the most significant differences manifested in the formation of control actions generated by the regulator.

In the present work for the creation of manufacturing technology forming statok higher heat resistance used the "cortical" method with the use of thermal spraying (TS). The essence of the method is as follows: on the model, which is a mirror copy of the forming surface of the insert, a working layer up to 3 mm thick of wear-resistant powder materials is applied by plasma spraying, and then a structural layer 10...20 mm thick of more plastic and cheap materials. The dusty "crust" process from which it will be established in a form holder, and separate from model. Working surface FV after separation from the model in size, shape and roughness fully complies with the requirements of the drawing, ie it is not subjected to additional processing. For reasons of availability and relatively low cost for the working layers forming inserts made of "cortical" method with the use of GTN, the most often used powders camofluage chromium-Nickel alloy ПН77Х15С3Р2 or metalloids brands ПН70Ю30 and ПН85Ю15. Research into the optimal composition of the mixture of powders ПН70Ю30 and ПН77Х15С3Р2 conducted on special samples of steel 45, which is a plate with dimensions 5050 mm around the perimeter with ribs protruding above the work surface to a height of 1 mm. working surface is chrome-plated and termoobrabotki to earn a guaranteed layer of Cr2O3, which provides the adhesive connection of the coating and the substrate at the level of 5 MPa. During the experiments, the composition of the mixture of powders ranged from 95% PN70YU30 + 5% PN77H15S3R2 to 70% PN70YU30 + 30% PN77H15S3R2 in steps of 5%. The coating produced according to the following mode: the current is 500 A, voltage - 60 V; the total consumption of powder - 1.5 kg/h; the sample temperature is 650 ℃; coating thickness - 0.5 mm. Deposited samples were placed in a muffle furnace and heated to a temperature of 1300 C, where they were kept for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, together with the furnace, the coatings were carefully separated from the samples and subjected to permeability tests for which they were placed in special containers smearing around the perimeter with special mastic. Then the coatings on the outside were covered with a layer of thick chalk, and kerosene was poured into the vessels. It is established that dusty coatings from a mixture of powders with a content of 20% or more of pn77h15s3r2 alloy practically do not have pores (kerosene within 24 hours did not penetrate the chalk-coated surface).

Article opens a general characteristic of activity of human rights organizations in the system of human rights protection. The role of human rights organizations as important element of development of democracy and respect of the human rights promoting increase in effectiveness of implementation of protection and restoration of the violated rights and freedoms of the person and citizen is traced. The thought that despite expansion of activity of human rights organizations for the last decade in the Russian Federation, they to these do not realize fully tasks which are assigned to them is proved. Result of low knowledge of work of socially oriented non-profit organizations, absence them in "field of vision" of citizens are mistrust to human rights organizations, difficulties with attraction of material resources, narrowing of network of supporters and volunteers, small number of strong and competent leaders and a weak position in the market of services. In this connection, concerning the social directed human rights organizations it is necessary to develop intensively the information environment of the public sector for distribution of results of their activity. Besides, in human rights protection it is necessary for increase in a role of human rights organizations also in a standard order, and in the information environment accurately to draw a distinction between the social directed and political human rights organizations. Authors, analyzing the main problems in activity of human rights organizations, indicate the need development of cooperation of various structures of civil society among themselves that in turn promotes strengthening of human rights organization, the socially important tasks focused on the decision, fight against an arbitrariness of public officials and authorities, tortures in prisons, political persecution, etc. It is obvious that the stable relation of such interaction is the brightest sign of the developed democracy.

In this article, one of the most urgent topics of the development of legislation on consumer rights protection in the UK is being considered. UK legislation on the protection of consumer rights, especially in connection with the forthcoming withdrawal of Britain from the European Union has a number of features. The law "On the Rights of Consumers", adopted in 2015, made it possible to analyze and highlight a number of features in the field of consumer protection in the UK, namely, the allocation of absolutely new standards applicable to the new type of services-digital content. By researching this topic, the author shows the emerging contradictions between the legislation of the European Union and the United Kingdom in the field of consumer protection, where the UK, against the backdrop of Brexit, analyzing the new Directives adopted by the European Union to retain a single legal space tends to unify the norms of the law "On the Rights of Consumers".

The article deals with general issues related to the organization of the work of the military mission, provides normative documents regulating the activities, analyzes the practice of investigating criminal cases committed by officials of military missions, the consequences of their criminal activities, manifested in material damage, damage to the business reputation of the organization, failure to execute state contracts affecting on the defense capability of the country, as well as the issues of detection and forensic support the most common forms of investigation of crimes: giving and receiving bribes, abuse of authority, embezzlement of money by fraudulent means, examples of specific criminal cases investigated by military investigative authorities. The cases described in the article were selected taking into account the specific features of the preliminary investigation of the above crimes. Thus, in one criminal case, operational support was provided, interaction with security forces in the troops was organized, on the other - collection and consolidation of evidence was carried out independently by the investigative body. There is a certain interest in tactical methods used in the conduct of investigative actions, organizational issues and the criminalistic aspect of the preparation of investigative actions and operational activities, the procedure for the appointment and production of forensic examinations of objects submitted for investigation. According to the list of evidence given in the article, it is possible to draw a conclusion about the nature and amount of information to be examined in court sessions, and then put in the basis of sentences passed in criminal cases, and subsequently used in the planning and investigation of criminal cases of similar crimes

The article gives a thorough analysis of various means of regulation of trans-border private law issues, including trans-border construction activities, based on a contract. The author analyses the sources of law, applicable in the sphere of construction, their types and specific areas of application with regard to practice. Analysing the sources of international and national law, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to take into account their specifics and development tendencies when drafting cross-border construction contracts. The author compares international and national sources of law, types of regulation at conventional and national levels and comes to the conclusion that the conventional and national sources of law are closely interconnected. Private international law; standard form contracts; construction contract; lex mercatoria; construction activity regulation, international convention, conventional regulation, conflict of laws, foreign trade transactions, standard contracts; contract, building contract; lex mercatoria; regulation of construction activities.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the basic structure of the crime provided for in Art. 142 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which are considered debatable. This crime, in the general structure of crimes against electoral rights is about 65%. This circumstance, according to the author, indicates the social conditionality of the criminal-legal prohibition, the public danger of an act that grossly violates the conditions of the legitimacy of state power. In law enforcement practice, criminal cases are practically not initiated, which is due to a number of circumstances, including the legal uncertainty of a number of signs of the crime. The article deals with the essence of impeding the citizen's free exercise of his electoral rights and the right to participate in a referendum, violating the secrecy of voting, as well as obstructing the work of election commissions, referendum commissions or the activities of members of these commissions related to his performance of duties by falsifying election documents. As a classification feature, the author indicates the addressee of the relevant document: the voter; candidate; initiative group for holding a referendum; member of the commission with a casting vote; precinct election commission. The article provides the concept of what is referred to mandatory documents that are drawn up by the precinct election commission when carrying out actions with ballot papers. These include: an act on the receipt of ballots from a higher commission indicating their number; Act on the repayment of spoiled ballots (in the presence of such facts); an act on the conduct of voting outside the relevant premises; Act on the invalidation of ballots that were in a mobile box for voting. At the same time, the author points out that this classification has not lost its significance even at the present time. The author suggests the notion of an election document to be fixed in a note to art. 142 of the Criminal Code. The article reveals the characteristics of the main elements of the crime provided for in Art. 142 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and compared with other views of Russian scientists.

The development of the regions is a multifaceted process that is influenced by economic, political, social, historical, environmental, technological, demographic and other factors. Moreover, various factors, quite often, have the opposite effect on the systemic development of the region. Along with the multidirectional factors, the structure of the regional economy and, in general, its functioning differ in its variability. The peculiarity of state regulation in modern conditions is its subject-object nature and orientation to ensure systemic development, i.e. balanced development, ensuring the proportionality of the main subsystems of the regional economy, forming its structure. Within the framework of this study, the behavioral type of the structure of the regional economy, represented by groups of subjects interested in its development, is of particular interest. This fact actualizes the scientific search in the direction of the collection of means and methods of state regulation that contribute to the structural and, in general, systematic development of the regional economy. The main result of the study is the following. In order to ensure the development of the agrarian sphere as a subsystem of the regional socio-economic system, in the process of coordinated, orderly interaction of its elements aimed at raising the level and quality of life of the population and ensuring their compliance with the requirements of the current technological structures, it is necessary to use a set of state regulation instruments grouped according to the following characteristics : economic, fiscal, legal, institutional, institutional, infrastructure, administrative.

In the article directions of perfection of methods of management of formation and use of corporate information resources of economic subjects of the industry carrying out modernization and carrying out measures for technological development of their production systems, taking into account the features of their activity, and development of methodical support for project management development. In particular, a methodical approach to the management of information resources in the course of modernization and development of industrial enterprises as well as business groups as a means of ensuring their sustainable development is proposed, which is characterized by the fact that for effective activity in the management systems of sustainable development of enterprises and business groups special sub-systems for information management, intellectual capital and knowledge are introduced, representing a set of interrelated and interdependent components, coordinated function Also, a method is proposed for assessing the efficiency of the development of production systems of a industrial enterprise in the field of information and knowledge, based on calculating the share of the enterprise or business group in the total volume of knowledge of development in a particular market. To assess the effectiveness of the information resource management system, subject to changes in the modernization process, an integral parameter was proposed, characterized by the fact that it includes indicators of effectiveness, speed and resource intensity, which makes it possible to comprehensively take into account and evaluate the efficiency of modernization of production systems. When modernizing industrial production, the correspondence between the processes of information and knowledge management and the elements of the corporate culture that determine the quality and effectiveness of the creation and use of knowledge and the formation of new intellectual capital on their basis are revealed.

The article substantiates the need to introduce project management in the enterprise, identified problems associated with the transition to project management. Taking into account the classical design constraints based on the scenario distribution, a conceptual scheme for allocating finance and resources in the system of measures to counter threats to economic security was proposed. The assessment of the level of economic security "at the micro, meso and macro levels and determined the threshold values of determinants in the system of economic security. The actual values of the indicators are related to the threshold values and the level of the economic level corresponding to them is determined according to the selected determinants - stable, pre-crisis, crisis and critical. On the example of PJSC "NOVATEK", the target and optimal values of the indicators that do not correspond to the stable level of the enterprise development are determined. Based on the methods of set-theoretic analysis, a plan of measures was developed to counteract threats to economic security, taking into account project limitations on time and financial resources. According to the proposed plan, critical chain threats are selected to achieve the target level of economic security. The method of optimal distribution of time and financial resources based on the calculation of the fuzzy goal membership function and fuzzy solution is proposed, which allows to achieve maximum effectiveness of measures to achieve the target and optimal level of economic security. It is concluded that the proposed methodology allows to formulate an action plan for achieving the target / optimal level of economic security in the conditions of a limited budget and the expected time of the onset of threats, to vary the budget allocated for ensuring economic security and predicting these indicators for the near future.

The instability of the national economy is one of the topical problems studied by modern science, especially important in view of the current state of the Russian economy. The purpose of this study is to justify the possibility of using investment as the most important factor to minimize the consequences of instability in the economy. To achieve this goal, the article identifies the key areas of investment. There are the real sector of the national economy, transport infrastructure and human capital. The substantiation of these directions is correlated with the prospects of deepening the specialization of Russia as a resource-exporting state. At the same time, the task is to modernize domestic production by increasing the efficiency in the extractive industries, while expanding the range of consumers of their products and reducing the environmental burden. It will help to reduce the level of economic instability, and in the future - to go to sustainable economic growth in the interests of all economic entities. The study uses some theoretical and empirical methods, in particular, logical and system analysis, comparison, method of collecting empirical data, study and generalization, description and processing of research results. As a result of the study, it was found that today it is necessary to change the macroeconomic policy on the basis of the significance of investment and innovative projects. The solution of this problem will improve the productivity, as the most important indicator of the competitiveness of the national economy in the context of globalization. The article concludes that investments should be considered as an effective tool for weakening the economic instability and as an essential condition for meeting the growing economic interests of economic entities.

The technology of blocking has emerged not so long ago, but has already become known due to such advantages as security, reliability and openness. It is believed that the block is most often used in the economy, namely, to work with crypto-currencies. Nevertheless, technology can be useful in various industries. The article is devoted to the review of blockade technology, the study of the basic principles of its operation and the ways of applying the technology in various fields. In the course of the study, the history of the appearance of blocking technology was briefly studied and the concept of technology was defined, which is a multifunctional information system distributed throughout the world designed to account for various assets. An analysis was also made of the main advantages, which include: the absence of intermediaries, the unchanged data, as well as the decentralization and openness of information. Along with the advantages, a number of disadvantages inherent in the technology of blocking are revealed. The paper discusses the prospects for applying technology in the economy and in financial spheres; analysis of the use of blocking technology in accounting, reporting, reconciliation of accounts and in the implementation of operations with objects of value. Particular attention is paid to the use of technology in various spheres of life, not related to the economy. On the basis of the study, perspective directions of technology development in Russia and abroad are determined.