No 2 (2016)
Технические науки
8-14 371
Abstract
Shell-type body structures are referred to as support framework structures of modern vehicles (e.g. cars). Methods of electric resistance spot welding are widely used for their joints in the process of manufacturing, particularly when welding dissimilar low-carbon steels of light gauge (up to 3 mm). The process of welded body structures manufacturing is accompanied by the formation of non-equilibrium structures at the junctions and residual stress fields including welding stresses. Under further weathering (before operational loads application) relaxation processes occur in both non-equilibrium structures and residual stress fields, resulting in the stabilization of heterogeneous structurally stress and strain condition of an object. To evaluate relaxation resistance of a spot welded connection we used the following basic numerical characteristics: residual stress, stress decrease in the weld spot, average relaxation rate and the time before first crack formation in the local microscopic volume. A technique of stress relaxation testing of spot-welded joints for 08 08Ju steel grades and the results of testing are presented in the article. To register a localized area of microcracking in spot-welled joints when testing stress relaxation we used acoustic emission method. A technique for microcracking formation control in spot welded joints of light-gauge sheet metals applying acoustic emission method has been developed. This technique is the basis for studying relaxation resistance of welded joints. It has been found that relaxation resistance of a spot welded joint depends on the parameters of welding conditions, the value of initial load on welding spot and relaxation rate.
15-18 324
Abstract
Image processing task is the task which requires considerable practical implementation of digital and ADP equipment hardware and timing resources. When transferring data image information is inevitably subjected to systematic and accidental noise influence. It can happenduring registration process and can finishwith information display or information storage. Digital image filtering with the use of filtering method by sliding window is described in this paper. Array, pipeline and sequential structure comparing on the example of image processing by sliding window is given. Parallel and pipeline diagrams for pixelsbrightness computation are offered. Parallel and pipeline pixels brightness computation diagram can be used when developinghardware oriented filtering image algorithm. It can allow to reduce computation time of new brightness values and, respectively, to increase high-speed filtering device performance in general. The diagram is oriented on implementation with FPGA use and can be used for digital filter implementation and also for neurosimilar structures.Key words: image processing, image filtering.
19-24 358
Abstract
Automated remote controlsystem implementation of gas distribution and gas consumption accounting is used for settlements with the population exceeding 100 thousand people. Automatic regulation systems have centralized structure including lower level - controlled points and top level - central control office which is implemented in the form of automated workplaces connected by a local area network. Gas-flow management system at the municipal level which would allow performing consumptionprediction considering consumer interests is described in this article. Final management result is gas consumption prediction (with an acceptable accuracy) by certain consumers and homogeneous consumer groups.
25-32 292
Abstract
More and more engineers start developing complex mathematical models, taking into account the work of structures, their spatial interactions; load, behavior and foundation history with the development of software for calculation of structural systems. In the working process, the engineer is inevitably faced with considerable uncertainty in the field of object knowledge and, as a consequence, with a large variability of the original data in constructing the analysis model. The attempt to consider all possible options for making the estimated model becomes bulky. The question arises: if higher level of design scheme detailization is closer to the reliability or not. So, from the one hand, taking into account the working relations in the calculation the following positive aspects appear: - consideration of spatial construction system; - creation of geometrical invariable model; - approximation of mathematical model to real constructive scheme of building structure. Along with it, the following negative aspects emerge when setting a spatial design scheme : - labor intensivity increase of design scheme creation; - increase in the error of the calculation results due to the secondary elements. This article describes two variants of frame calculation in spatial structural scheme: with or without ties. At the same time, effort change of elements occurs more than 5%, i.e. exceeds the precision of the calculations. Thus, the relationship introduced in the design scheme ceases to be a link (an element of the fourth group) and becomes an element of the second group with all of the requirements for strength and extreme flexibility calculation.
33-38 370
Abstract
In modern housing (especially in new one) there is a wide spectrum of harmful and often dangerous factors of physical and chemical nature. But the greatest threat for human health, of course, is in the ionizing radiation (IR). The problem of reducing radiation dose is of great importance because of the lack of safe radiation levels (non-threshold action nature). In the Russian Federation population gets a large part of annual irradiation dose (from 70 to 95%) from radon and its decay products in residential and office rooms . Indoor radon level seriously depends on temporal (diurnal and seasonal) and spatial variations, it makes difficult to determine the annual average equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity - normalized indicator of radon content indoor . At the same time, the highest efficiency of radon measures is achieved when they are held close to radon sources in apartments. The article shows the difference of the mechanisms of radon presence on lower and higher building floors. In this article the assessment of protective measures effectiveness for areas with high levels of radon is given.
39-46 359
Abstract
The analysis of the emergency situation caused by the failure of the vertical bearing structure (brick pillar) arisen in the building built in the 1940s-1950s in the city of Kursk is carried out in the article. The specific features of the construction of the building under consideration for the period of 1950-2015 are presented. The sequence of extensions and overbuilt and added floors made at different times is revealed and given. Special attention is paid to the unconventional solution applied to the pitched reinforced concrete roof of the second floor of the original part of the building. A two-storey extension to the original building gable facade, using for covering standard ready-made hollow core concrete slabs installed with a significant slope to form a pitched roof is described. A structural solution of the 3rd overbuilt floor is given. The peculiarities of the structural solution of the above stairs flooring in the area of the existing pitched roof which was incorporated in the flooring have been revealed. The defects and damages of the main structural members, brick pillars, floor beams, separation partitions and other components of the building in different parts are described. A number of factors which caused the process of brick bearing pillar failure are determined. The results of the analysis of the design model of the building part in the area of the accident-caused damage when considering beyond design basis impacts concerning detected loads resulting in the stress destruction of the bearing brick pillar located on the first floor are presented. It is indicated that the undestroyed part of the building with significant strain damage remained relatively stable. The article also provides some recommendations concerning strengthening of the building under study in order to prevent progressive collapse.
46-59 483
Abstract
The article describes the problem statement for generation of diagonal Latin squares (DLS) of preassigned order N. It is indicated that this problem is fairly simply specified. However, to solve this problem it is necessary to apply both heuristic methods and a number of algorithmic techniques related to software algorithmic and high-level optimization which take into account specific features of the current task (generated combinatorial structure) and allow increasing the rate of DLS generation. They include the use of the diagonal order of filling the elements of DLS; the use of static data structures instead of placing them in the heap memory; taking into account the number of possible values for square slots which have not been filled yet together with early out-of-sequence filling of slots with and early pruning of unpromising lines of combinatorial search with ; the use of auxiliary data structures (one-dimensional arrays) for the quick filling of the sets of admissible elements ; Hyper-Threading technology disabling in the single-threaded DLS generation together with the elimination of the background load on the CPU cores which are not used in the DLS generation; the choice of the order of filling the square slots according to the criterion of which reduces the arity of tree nodes of combinatorial search; application of PGO-compilation. For each of the optimizations specific numbers of generation rate measured for single-threaded software implementation in modern processors are given. It is indicated that the most effective approach is based on the exhaustive method of early pruning of unpromising solutions. It provides the rate of generation of 340,000 squares per second when specialized software using nested loops is implemented.
59-65 391
Abstract
It is not possible to study material wear processes without investigating multiple parameters that determine their energy state and specify their structural adaptability to dynamic impacts. Within a certain time period the balance between energy flows that are generated by friction gets upset. It causes irreversible changes in the properties of materials, which is specifically demonstrated by their ability to absorb hydrogen. Interaction between machine parts is accompanied by energy and structural transformations in metals. It results in an increase of hydrogen concentration in metal surface layers with intensive hydrogen release into the interaction zone. The authors of this paper suggest that the response of the processes running in the systems of interacting materials should be related with a redistribution of diffusion-mobile hydrogen concentration. The authors have demonstrated that there is a limit of loading machine parts materials and it corresponds to a drastic intensification of hydrogen diffusion in them, which well agrees with the theoretical principles of material structural adaptability. They have also justified a need in determining such limits for material combinations that are used in machine parts design. An important stage in the studies of the process of hydrogen saturation of machine part materials is to determine the temperature range together with the relevant time period of experimental studies devoted to measuring hydrogen concentration in metals. It has been found experimentally that hydrogen saturation runs differently in the investigated materials of machine parts during their operation time. The rate of hydrogen saturation considerably depends on operation modes. Main factors determining hydrogen redistribution are the intensity of distributed load affecting the surfaces of machine parts and their temperature.
65-73 684
Abstract
The paper deals some problems related with some issues of spacecraft navigation and attitude control in near-earth coordinate space. It is shown that the first problem is to determine an appropriate orientation of the axes of the coordinated system, that is related to the spacecraft airframe, and to orient them as desired in relation to reference systems that set the position of a spacecraft on orbit and in inertial space. The second problem is to determine the spacecraft cog and its velocity in inertial space. The paper defines the axes of basic reference systems, which are the orbital and second equatorial ones, and determines their directions, as well as those of the instrument systems that are related with star trackers and purpose designed equipment. Main methods of spacecraft independent navigation and attitude control in near-earth space are inertial navigation methods that are based on measuring the components of spacecraft linear velocity by accelerometers and its angular velocity by gyroscopes. In this case current coordinates of a spacecraft and its attitude are calculated by integrating the measured values of relevant velocities. Modern accelerometers and gyroscopes are able to operate efficiently in a wide range of spacecraft velocities, however, there are such unavoidable disadvantages as “zero offset” and “axes wander” that result from the built-up of measurement errors due to continuous integration of the spacecraft linear and angular velocities. As a consequence the parameters of linear and angular motion of a spacecraft have to be adjusted regularly in terms of the spacecraft cog in inertial space and the orientation angles of the axes of the spacecraft coordinate system in relation to the axes of basic reference and instrument coordinate systems. The paper discusses a method of independent determination of the parameters of a spacecraft circular orbit in near-earth space and justifies the use of this method to adjust the readings of an inertial navigation system in the absence of satellite navigation measurements.
74-78 355
Abstract
The analysis of the literature has shown that there are no effective energy-saving natural gas treatment installations in terms of ensuring rated parameters of gas specific humidity. Natural gas dewatering used at compressor stations does not guarantee the permissible values of natural gas humidity, which has a negative impact on the gas calorific value and affects the energy efficiency of the used gas equipment In order to ensure the desired natural gas parameters there is a need to develop a method of natural gas aftertreatment at gas-distributing stations that will be sufficient to maintain appropriate natural gas humidity parameters. The authors have developed a mathematical model of heat transfer from the natural gas whirling current to the heated space air in a vortex heat exchanger. This model has been used to develop a schematic diagram of equipment layout and control devices that are able to ensure an energy-saving technology of supplying the coolant to its final users with required natural gas humidity parameters. The paper contains a design solution of an industrial building energy-saving integrated heating system that utilizes the pressure drop at the gas-distribution plant and can increase energy efficiency of natural gas aftertreatment and dewatering before the gas is supplied to its user. There is a schematic diagram of a gas-distribution plant.
78-86 444
Abstract
Nowadays nuclear energy has become widely used of as an alternative to other sources of energy due to the growth of electricity consumption and natural resource degradation. It is inevitable and desirable way of energy supply in the world economy the foreseeable future either. So, the federal programme for the development of Atomic Energy of Russia provides achieving production at the plant in total up to 22-25% by 2020 and up to 25-27% by 2030. However, the achievement of the specified level is impossible without raising the level of fuel nuclear burnout at nuclear power plants. Nowadays, a large number of works on improving production technology of nuclear fuel cells is being carried out to ensure its reliability in conditions of increased burnout. High Burnout (80 ... 100 MW per day/kg U) is achieved by introducing a burnable neutron absorber Gd2O3, in particular, to increase reactor safety. It also increases the loading of fuel into the reactor and characteristics of the nuclear fuel cells themselves. This paper presents a study on production of fine powders of gadolinium hydroxide and determination of their physical and chemical characteristics. A chemical dispersion method was used to obtain fine powders of gadolinium hydroxide. The authors describe the influence of various factors on the powder characteristics, such as dispersion, morphology and chemical composition. The best results have been obtained when using dilute solutions of gadolinium chloride and 5-10%.An X-ray diffraction method and a gravimetric analysis determine the conditions of amorphous gadolinium hydroxide formation and stabilization of the transition into monohydrate metagalaxy gadolinium, which form a crystalline gadolinium oxide through two stages of dehydration. The chromatic effect of gadolinium hydroxide powders is confirmed, i.e. its color changes from white to pink-purple when changing the settling-out conditions and thermal effects on the powder samples.
A. V. Shemyakin,
M. B. Latyshonok,
V. V. Terentyev,
K. V. Gaidukov,
I. V. Zarubin,
A. V. Podyablonsky,
S. A. Kozhin,
A. V. Kirilin
87-91 415
Abstract
When servicing agricultural machinery for storage special attention should be paid to processing of butt-welded joints. This is due to the fact that during prolonged storage in open areas they accumulate moisture and dirt, which contributes to the intensive development of crevice corrosion. The gaps in butt-welded joints usually range from a fraction to a few millimeters. They can be caused by construction machinery and occur during operation due to the weakening of the threaded joints and destruction of welds. Some studies to determine the effectiveness of anticorrosive protection for agricultural machinery were carried out at Ltd. "Starozhilovoagrosnab", which is located in the Starozhilovsky District of the Ryazan region. The study assessed effectiveness of anticorrosive protection both of known and experimental compositions of conservation. The experimental one was developed in the laboratory of Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev. The summary of test method was in keeping the samples outside at various atmospheric environment. After that, the samples were undergone a quantitative assessment for metal losses. The paper presents the results of the conducted experimental studies on conservation materials for protection agricultural machinery during long-term storage in open areas. Using protective grease, consisting of 88% of the waste engine oil, 10% of phosphatide concentrate, and 2% zinc powder will prevent crevice corrosion in butt welded joints and parts of agricultural machinery during storage in open areas. It is possible due to the high penetrating power of adhesion to the surface of metal products and reducing the rate of electrochemical processes, which occur in the joints.
91-109 504
Abstract
Modern urban development and reconstruction of existing buildings should be carried out without damaging the environment. However, the number of environmental problems in urban areas has increased. They adversely affect the urban quality living. Construction sites are a significant source of noise in urban areas. This paper gives an analysis of the acoustic emission sources that have the most negative impact urbanites. Acoustic characteristics of construction sites, construction machines and mechanisms are given. The noise of more than fifty percent of construction and road cars exceeds 80 dB. External noise of construction machinery is 70 ÷ 100 dB. Construction machines for pile driving are characterized by increased noise. The noise above 50 ÷ 60 dB is harmful for the human nervous system. In the daytime noise in residential areas should not exceed 55 dB. Protection of residential areas from noise pollution is performed by noise reduction on the way from the source of the noise to the protected object. The required noise reduction for residential development, located at a distance of 200-300 meters from the construction site, is 5 to 15 dB. Installation of acoustical barriers at the construction site is known as the most effective measure. High-quality sound reduction is achieved at frequencies of 32-4000 Hz. The maximum possible efficiency of the screen is 15-18 dB. In urban settings, monolayer and multilayer screens (3-6 m height) are considered optimal to reduce noise. The authors present a new structural solution for acoustic screens.
V. V. Medvedevа,
A. D. Breki,
N. A. Krylov,
S. E. Aleksandrov,
A. E. Gvozdev,
N. E. Starikov,
N. N. Sergeev,
E. V. Ageev,
A. N. Sergeev,
D. V. Maliy,
D. A. Provotorov
109-119 806
Abstract
Lubricant Lithium Soap-24 is applied to lubricate all types of roller and plain bearings, rotating joints, tooth gearings, caterpillar and wheeled vehicle friction face, industrial mechanisms, electrical machines. The subject of this research is triboengineering qualities of composite materials semisolid lubricant Lithium Soap-24 based, containing copper and zinc fillers. The research objective is to estimate how copper and zinc particles concentration influence semisolid lubricant composite material antiwear properties. Estimate of lubricating films antiwear properties, containing dispersive fillers was done on four-ball friction testing machine in accordance with GOST 9490-75 (All-Union State Standard). The results of copper and zinc dispersive particles effect on antiwear properties of the lubricating film semisolid lubricant material based are presented in the article. The research shows different copper and zinc particles influence over chrome steel bearing balls. Dispersive filler effect on lubricant material friction and boundary friction is described. Experimental research results are the following: 1. Copper and zinc microparticulates influence lubricant antiwar properties of Lithium Soap-24. This occurs due to the interaction between microparticulates and friction face and base lubricant material. 2. In the process of friction copper and zinc particles in the lubricant reduce resistance against ball movement due to the lubricant flow characteristics. This occurs due to the speeded structural framework lubricant disrupting in the case of fillers use. 3. Both copper and zinc particles in the process of boundary friction lead to the increase in frictional force. It is expected that there is increase in frictional force mechanical and adhesive components, caused by adhesive film on the friction faces.
Юридические науки
161-167 357
Abstract
The article reveals the authors' view on an issue of procedural legal regime principles. The authors admit that procedural regime represents the combination of objective and subjective principles, foundamentals, cognized normalities aimed to achieve its optimality in the process of all types of legal activities. The authors suggest including of constitutional principles in procedural regime principles system: course of law; legal equality; presumption of innocence (in some processes); visibility; general procedural principles; objectivity standards; competence; results truth; economy of procedure; independence; specific principles; unavoidability of liability; reformatio in pejus inadmissibility. All mentioned principles are fully described in the article. Their characteristics are also highlighted and they prove regime fundamental nature of the studied regime. Described principle system of the procedural regime is disputable and not final. Different classification is possible, that is why there is reliance on further research and experiments. General scientific methods and logical learning techniques are used in the research: analyses and synthesis, abstracting, modeling, system structured, functional, academic logical approaches. Complex theoretically applied interdisciplinary approach to legal regimes research has resulted to system method usage. This method integrades theoretical abstractions, principles stated in the current law and test data of law-making practice. The authors come to a conclusion that it is essential to do further scientific research of procedural law regime that provides public relations sustainable regulation, law files disposal, that is extremely important in the period of economic, political and social changes. The given article has general theoretical nature, it is considered to be the complex of interdisciplinary research aimed to develop general theory of legal regime and improve its effectiveness.
167-175 501
Abstract
The article reveals extremism control problems in Russian prisons. Longstanding stressful situation in the process of enduring the punishment can intensify asocial behaviour, support prison norms, values and traditions acquisition. Extremism convict statistics, prosecutors' anti-extremism work in penal institutions are highlighted analyzed. The analysis has proved that extremism convicts do not change their behaviour and continue extremism after deinstitutionalization (for example, 70 % of ex-extreme convicts take part in acts of extremism). Extremism convicts match themselves against other convicts, that lead to interethnic conflicts, that can cause grievous and extremely grievous crimes and ideological radicalism spreading. However extreme convicts can not be isolated because they do not break the peace and do not support prison subculture. The authors conclude that complex measures must be developed to fight religious extremism in prisons and prevent radical Islamic ideas spreading. It is noted that special investigative techniques aimed to fight terrorism are of crucial importance. Recruitment for religious extremism and terrorist groups must be fought.
175-182 370
Abstract
He article presents a brief analysis of bill № 465407-6 introduced to State Duma, aimed at the alteration of the procedure of determination of land use legal regime in the Russian Federation. Deletion of definition “land categories” from the current land laws and consequently of the procedure of land category change and land designation to certain categories are provided for. However, implementation of these alterations is planned provided the preparation and approval of land zoning documents specifying the permitted use of land plots are completed nationwide. The bill introduces 14 zones instead of 7 land categories. 18 restricted use zones and 3 categories of protection zones are specified. Besides, the bill distinguishes “other provided for by federal laws restricted use zones” or “other provided for by federal laws protection zones”. Different points of views on the issue of cancellation of the institute of land categories and transition to land zoning are considered.
182-194 523
Abstract
The article deals with the problems associated with communication of extremist ideas, increased aggressiveness of extremist ideology and scale up of its propaganda in the world and in the Russian Federation in particular. It is noted that in the context of globalization of terrorism, criminal events connected with it turn out to be a factor largely determining criminological situation; the issue of counterterrorism is of great importance for the world society. Statistical data on terrorist and extremist crimes have been analyzed, basic trends and results of prosecutors’ work in the sphere of countering extremist and terrorist activities have been highlighted. Particular attention is paid to the issues of countering propaganda of terrorism and extremism using the Internet, which, considering the high computerization of all spheres of life is more and more dangerous. In addition, in the context of the spate of international terrorist and extremist organizations, use by their members of modern information technologies, the threat of cyber attacks on major critical infrastructure control systems has become real. At the same time, global networks are used for destructive outreach activities, as a means of social, group and individual consciousness manipulation, conduct of misinformation actions. The ability to suppress dangerous protest activities depends on timely information countermeasures. Currently, prosecutors make active use of powers under Article 15.3 of the Federal Act dd. 27.07.2006 № 149-FZ "Information, information technologies and information protection", which establishes a new mechanism for prompt restriction of access to information containing riotous statements, implementation of extremist activities, participation in mass (public) events held with violation of the established order.
194-202 417
Abstract
Long-awaited changes to the Federal law "Aboutinsolvency (bankruptcy)" entered to force on 1 October 2015. Now this act contents the rules, regulating the tasks of citizen’s bankruptcy. So, the citizen, who doesn’t have the status of individual entrepreneur, can make their financial situation better by the debt destructing and the debt cancellation after the bankruptcy process. The institute oh citizen’s bankruptcy is a novel in modern Russian legal system. Nowadays there are no uniformity in the basic definitions of citizen’s bankruptcy institute. In accordance with the applicable laws, the debtor is the citizen (including individual entrepreneurs) or the organization, appeared incapable to satisfy requirements of creditors under liabilities and (or) to fulfill the obligation on payment of obligatory payments in a fixed period. Now the debtor-citizen has the right to submit the application for recognition of its bankruptcy in following cases: he foresees his own bankruptcy there are circumstances, obviously testifying, that he is incapable to satisfy requirements of creditors under liabilities and (or) to fulfill the obligation on payment of obligatory payments in a fixed period. He has the signs of insolvency and (or) to signs of insufficiency of property. Nowadays the criterion of insolvency is usedin the definition of signs of bankruptcy of the citizen. This criterion means the cessation of the debtor's payments on a monetary obligation and (or) mandatory payments. The legislator has abandoned the criterion of irredeemable, because it’s using would impede the procedure of citizen’s bankruptcy. The interpretation of the current legislation shows that the application of the criterion of insolvency is carried out without proper sequence.The only sign of bankruptcy, when we use the criterion of insolvency, is citizen’s failure of creditor’s claims on monetary obligations and (or) non-performance of obligations on payment of obligatory payments.
Экономические науки
120-128 377
Abstract
This article considers the main issues of interpreting the concepts of "sustainability", "sustainable development", "enterprise sustainability", "sustainable development of a company". The term "sustainable development" has been widely used recently.This is due to the fact that the sustainable development of individual enterprises and the state as a whole becomes important and the study of this concept is relevant and significant at present. Since there are many definitions of "sustainable development", there arises the problem of substituting the discussed concepts, that is, some concepts are confused with one another, sometimes contradicting each other. We have also analyzed the number of references in the Internet to understand the frequency of using the above mentioned terms,. The authors present the dynamics of the users’ search query of phrases "sustainable development", " enterprise sustainability", "sustainable development of enterprises" in the Google search engine. To achieve the goals of the study our article presents the dynamics of the users’ search query of phrases "sustainable development", "corporate sustainability", "sustainable development of a company" and also phrases "sviluppo sostenibile", "stabilità della società", "sviluppo sostenibile della società" in the Google search engine. Thus, the considered phenomenon was analyzed in the linguistic context, allowing to fully reflect the specifics of the study and the obtained results. The lack of consensus in the interpretation of this term is due to the complexity of the concept itself, because it includes social, economic and environmental aspects. There is also no agreement because of divergence of views on this issue on the part of different layers of society - scientific, political, entrepreneurial.
128-138 354
Abstract
In the submitted article need of increase of efficiency of management of the power for increase of level and quality of life of the population as one of the priority strategic directions of development of any state is staticized. Efficiency of management of the power from the point of view of an assessment of quality of life is the difficult and low-studied problem. Lack of teoretiko-methodical bases of an assessment of efficiency of management of the power is one of the essential factors constraining processes of improvement of management in this direction. The analysis of dynamics of various world indicators of efficiency of public administration developed by the world organizations and recognized as the world community is submitted, the emphasis on expansion of a set of indicators of an assessment of efficiency of management of the power as broader concept is placed. The analysis of values of an open government index for the countries of the world in 2015 is carried out. which defines country merits and demerits from the point of view of openness of the government in comparison with other states. Dependence between Gross domestic product and an open government index in some countries of the world in 2015 is revealed. Values of the global Youthonomics index which reflects results of the analysis of problems of youth now, today, their priorities and needs for the future are presented. It has been as a result revealed that the Scandinavian countries for youth are in a priority. The European economic systems struck with crisis lose the leading positions. Results of the conducted research testify to need of increase of efficiency of management of the power, introduction of a systematic and complex assessment, expansion of a set of indicators for definition of priorities of development of the states in the medium-term and long term.
138-144 738
Abstract
The article substantiates the relevance of studying the problem of human resource management in the context of forming a human resources strategy of organizations development. The article presents the different views of authors on the concept of "human resources", as well as the features of interpreting the notion of "human resource management". The conducted study reflects the methodological issues of human resources management in the organization through the development of an effective human resources strategy. In the capacity of management practices the authors understand the ways of influence on the personnel with the aim of improving the work processes, and, thus, achieving the strategically important goals for organizations. The researchers state that at present there are no obligatory practices to manage human resources that are equally and effectively suitable for any company. But one can form the general recommendations on applying the well- known methods. In this regard, the article presents an overview of major human resources management practices. The authors have evidently considered the most popular forms of economic impact on the management of human resources. They have concluded that the main feature of psychological methods is to appeal to the personality, the intellect, the senses in order to direct the potential of an individual towards solving specific tasks of enterprise working process. The management of people in organizations uses several basic methods, and each of them has its specificity. Applying this or that method depends on the conditions of organizations functioning and strategic goals standing before them. This conducted research allowed the authors to achieve its goals - to describe the practices of human resource management in the context of forming a human resources strategy of organization development.
145-160 315
Abstract
This article has clarified and presented new approaches to defining the essence and content of the concept "industrial policy". There have been given the names of various authors who are and were directly involved in the study of different aspects of industrial policy not only in Russia but also abroad. The author of the present paper has singled out the main goals of the state’s industrial policy, listed the major tools of this policy implementation. There has been considered in detail the process of industrial policy implementation at different levels of state authority, as well as the models of industrial policy not only in Russia but also in the EU countries; there has been formulated an innovative mechanism of industrial policy development; there has been substantiated the system of investments into the development of industrial production; there has been developed the methodology for estimation of industrial policy development in Russia; there has been assessed industrial policy development and its elements in Russia. The author of the article has also considered the clusters from the perspective of industrial policy, and identified possible differences between clusters and other territorial entities; it has been concluded that it is possible to create foundation for clusters in specific industrial areas. For the purposes of industrial policy implementation the author has made an analysis and identified the prospects of industrial production development in Russia: there have been considered such indicators as: GDP (taking into account PPP) in billion dollars for 2015, Russia's GDP in the context of current prices, investment in fixed assets, investment structure in non-financial assets domestic expenditures on research and development, the main indicators of innovative activities; with the help of diagrams there was presented the sectoral structure of Russia’s industry in 2015; there has been given the assessement of analysts conserning the potential of resource-extraction industries as compared to the manufacturing and processing sectors; the author has found out that over the past few years, the industrial policy of Russia has faced the challenge of introducing the advanced technologies in the industrial companies that are able to compete with foreign enterprises.
ISSN 2223-1560 (Print)
ISSN 2686-6757 (Online)
ISSN 2686-6757 (Online)