Comparative Analysis of Typical and Energy-Efficient Solutions of a Low-Rise Residential Building Based on a Bim Model

Energy efficient solutions reduce the amount of resources consumed, which leads to a lower total cost of ownership of real estate. The use of the BIM model makes it possible to evaluate the key indicators of energy-efficient solutions: heat transfer coefficient, specific annual values of energy consumption, fuel consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere.
Purpose of research. Develop and determine the feasibility of introducing energy efficient solutions based on the use of a BIM model of a low-rise building.
Methods. The methodology is based on the study of the introduction of modern building technologies and standards in the Penza region, as well as the analysis of positive solutions to similar situations in the Russian Federation. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were solved: a BIM model was developed and the energy efficiency of a typical residential building was assessed; options for improving the energy efficiency of a typical low-rise residential building were identified; an energy report was drawn up for standard and energy-efficient buildings and the expediency of introducing energy-efficient solutions into a standard project was substantiated.
Results. When developing energy-efficient solutions, it is advisable to use modern digital technologies. The BIM model of a typical low-rise residential building makes it possible to identify thermal blocks, zones within each of them, as well as structural elements of the building through which the main heat losses occur and develop options for improving the energy efficiency of the building. Based on the thermal blocks and zones allocated in the building, energy-efficient solutions have been developed, thanks to which heat losses through window openings and the front door are reduced from 3.04 to 0.63 W/m²K and from 2.11-0.79 W/m²K, respectively. Heat losses due to changes in the design of enclosing structures: walls and floors above the first floor decreased from 0.28 to 0.25 W/m²K and from 0.18 to 0.15 W/m²K, respectively.
Conclusions.The BIM model of a building makes it possible to effectively conduct a comparative analysis of standard and energy-efficient solutions for low-rise buildings, taking into account the features of the planning solution and regional climatic features.

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