Increasing the efficiency of vibration damping of cutters

Purpose of research. Among the many methods of surface shaping used in mechanical engineering, a significant part is occupied by the processes of processing parts by cutting, including turning. The process of cutting metals in most cases is accompanied by vibrations and oscillations of the tool, which destabilize the processing, reduce its quality, tool life and process productivity. It is possible to reduce the negative impact of vibration by using elements that absorb or reduce vibrations of the working part of the tool. There are known designs of cutters, called damping ones, that can reduce the negative impact of vibrations during turning. However, their main disadvantage is the rigid connection with the mounting and clamping elements of the machine, through which vibration is transmitted to the tool. This problem can be solved by improving the design of the tool in order to increase the stability of the cutting process. Designs of turning cutters that increase their durability, reduce vibrations that occur during the cutting process, and improve the quality of the machined surface are of practical and scientific interest. Purpose of research is to create innovative tool models, in particular turning cutters, that can improve the quality of the surface layer of the workpiece, its performance properties, as well as the durability of the cutting part of the tool.

Methods. Design and production of new cutters with a holder, which has elements that isolate the working part of the cutter from contact with the fastening part of the machine support, as well as various rigidities and sizes. Results. Increasing the efficiency of damping vibrations of the cutter, reducing its material consumption, because the dimensions of the elastic elements are less than half the length of the cutter holder, improving the quality of the surface layer of the workpiece, its operational properties, as well as the durability of the cutting part of the tool. The cutters can be used for turning various structural materials.

Conclusion. The proposed damping cutters meet the stated goals and objectives. Theoretical studies and industrial tests, simplicity of designs and manufacturing technologies of new damping cutters allow us to recommend them for implementation in production. The cutters can be used for turning various structural materials

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